APA 6 vs. APA 7: Major Changes: Reference List

Multiple Authors

If seven or less than seven authors, include all in the reference list.

Example:
Tosepu, R., Gunawan, J., Effendy, D. S., Lestari, H., Bahar, H., & Asfian, P. (2020). 

If more than seven authors, replace all names between the six and the last with an ellipsis “…"

Example (16 authors):
Oxley, T., Mocco, J., Majidi, S., Kellner, C. P., Shoirah, H., Singh, I. P., … Fifi, J. T. (2020). 
 

If 20 or less than 20 authors, include all in the reference list.

Example (13 authors)
Bedford, J., Enria, D., Giesecke, J., Heymann, D. L., Ihekweazu, C., Kobinger, G., Lane, H. C., Memish, Z., Oh, M., Sall, A. A., Schuchat, A., Ungchusak, K., & Wieler, L. H. (2020). 

If more than 20 authors, use an ellipsis in between the 19th and the final author. 20 names altogether.

Example (29 authors)
Qin, C., Zhou, L., Hu, Z., Zhang, S., Yang, S., Tao, U., Xie, C., Ma, K., Shang, K., Wang, W., Tian, D., Mo, P., Xing, Y., Xiao, Y., Deng, Y., Zhao, Q., Wang, H., Xiong, Y., … Chen, X. (2020).

Book

Publication location is included.

Example:
Fuchs, C. (2017). Social media: A critical introduction. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Publication location is no longer in use.

Example:
Fuchs, C. (2017). Social media: A critical introduction. Sage.

Note. If the author’s name and the publisher’s name are identical, omit the publisher in the reference. This happens a lot when the author is an organization, for instance, The Ministry of Education. 

Periodical

A publication’s issue number is omitted when the volumes share a continuous, sequential pagination.

Example:
Xu, A. J., Loi, R., Cai, Z., & Liden, R. C. (2019). Reversing the lens: How followers influence leader–member exchange quality. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 92, 475-497.

Always include a publication’s issue number, whether it is an independent, separate pagination or part of a continuation.

Example:
Xu, A. J., Loi, R., Cai, Z., & Liden, R. C. (2019). Reversing the lens: How followers influence leader–member exchange quality. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 92(3), 475-497.

Brown, E. (2020, October 27). Giving recipe creators their due. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10
/27/insider/recipe-bylines.html

Note: The URL is proceeded with "Retrieved from." 

Brown, E. (2020, October 27). Giving recipe creators their due. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10
/27/insider/recipe-bylines.html

Note: No "Retrieved from" before the URL. 

Ebook Format

Indicate the e-book format, platform, or device (e.g. Kindle) but not the publisher

Example:
Hamming, R. W. (2020). The art of doing science and engineering: Learning to learn [Kindle version]. Retrieved from http://www.amazon.com

The ebook format, platform, or device (e.g., Kindle), is no longer needed, but the presence of publisher is required.

Example:
Hamming, R. W. (2020). The art of doing science and engineering: Learning to learn. Stripe Press. http://www.amazon.com

DOI

Three acceptable formats doi:xxx, http://dx.doi.org/xxx, or https://www.doi.org/xxx

Example:
Whittemore, R., & Grey, M. (2002). The systematic development of nursing interventions. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 34, 115-120. doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.2002.00115.x

The only acceptable format is https://doi.org/xxx

Example:
Whittemore, R., & Grey, M. (2002). The systematic development of nursing interventions. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 34(2), 115-120. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.2002.00115.x

General
Website Name

Do not include the name of the website or the organization that hosts the webpage or any other kind or source.

Example:
Brittel, J. (2018, September 27). What the eight latest bird extinctions can tell us. Retrieved from https://www.nrdc.org/onearth/what-eight-latest-bird-extinctions-can-tell-us

Note: The article title is not italicized.

Include the name of the website or the organization that hosts the webpage or any other kind or source.

Example:
Brittel, J. (2018, September 27). What the eight latest bird extinctions can tell us. Natural Resources Defense Council. https://www.nrdc.org/onearth/what-eight-latest-bird-extinctions-can-tell-us

Note: The webpage owner should be added. The article title is italicized.